ubuntu下apache配置ssl证书

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一、开启SSL模块

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a2enmod ssl1

这条命令相当于

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sudo ln -s /etc/apache2/mods-available/ssl.load /etc/apache2/mods-enabled
sudo ln -s /etc/apache2/mods-available/ssl.conf /etc/apache2/mods-enabled12

如果没有a2enmod指令，也可直接在apache2.conf中设置SSL模块加载：

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LoadModule ssl_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_ssl.so

##二、创建证书所在目录

文件说明：
1. 证书文件214599770780511.pem，包含两段内容，请不要删除任何一段内容。
2. 如果是证书系统创建的CSR，还包含：证书私钥文件214599770780511.key、证书公钥文件public.pem、证书链文件chain.pem。

#####

  • 在Apache的安装目录下创建cert目录（/etc/apache2/cert），并且将下载的全部文件拷贝到cert目录中。

  • 进入/etc/apache2/sites-available下编辑default-ssl.conf

    我的配置如下：

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    <IfModule mod_ssl.c>
    	<VirtualHost _default_:443>
    		ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
    		DocumentRoot /var/www/html/pcxy/
    		# Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
    		# error, crit, alert, emerg.
    		# It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular
    		# modules, e.g.
    		#LogLevel info ssl:warn
    		ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    		CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
    		# For most configuration files from conf-available/, which are
    		# enabled or disabled at a global level, it is possible to
    		# include a line for only one particular virtual host. For example the
    		# following line enables the CGI configuration for this host only
    		# after it has been globally disabled with "a2disconf".
    		#Include conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf
    		#   SSL Engine Switch:
    		#   Enable/Disable SSL for this virtual host.
    		SSLEngine on
    		#   A self-signed (snakeoil) certificate can be created by installing
    		#   the ssl-cert package. See
    		#   /usr/share/doc/apache2/README.Debian.gz for more info.
    		#   If both key and certificate are stored in the same file, only the
    		#   SSLCertificateFile directive is needed.
    		
    		#cht zhushi diaole
    		#SSLCertificateFile	/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
    		#SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
    		#cht end
    		#cht add conf
    		# 添加 SSL 协议支持协议，去掉不安全的协议
    		SSLProtocol all -SSLv2 -SSLv3
    		# 修改加密套件如下
    		SSLCipherSuite HIGH:!RC4:!MD5:!aNULL:!eNULL:!NULL:!DH:!EDH:!EXP:+MEDIUM
    		SSLHonorCipherOrder on
    		# 证书公钥配置
    		SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/cert/public.pem
    		# 证书私钥配置
    		SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/apache2/cert/214599770780511.key
    		# 证书链配置，如果该属性开头有 '#'字符，请删除掉
    		SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/apache2/cert/chain.pem
    		#   Server Certificate Chain:
    		#   Point SSLCertificateChainFile at a file containing the
    		#   concatenation of PEM encoded CA certificates which form the
    		#   certificate chain for the server certificate. Alternatively
    		#   the referenced file can be the same as SSLCertificateFile
    		#   when the CA certificates are directly appended to the server
    		#   certificate for convinience.
    		#SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crt/server-ca.crt
    		#   Certificate Authority (CA):
    		#   Set the CA certificate verification path where to find CA
    		#   certificates for client authentication or alternatively one
    		#   huge file containing all of them (file must be PEM encoded)
    		#   Note: Inside SSLCACertificatePath you need hash symlinks
    		#		 to point to the certificate files. Use the provided
    		#		 Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes.
    		#SSLCACertificatePath /etc/ssl/certs/
    		#SSLCACertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crt/ca-bundle.crt
    		#   Certificate Revocation Lists (CRL):
    		#   Set the CA revocation path where to find CA CRLs for client
    		#   authentication or alternatively one huge file containing all
    		#   of them (file must be PEM encoded)
    		#   Note: Inside SSLCARevocationPath you need hash symlinks
    		#		 to point to the certificate files. Use the provided
    		#		 Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes.
    		#SSLCARevocationPath /etc/apache2/ssl.crl/
    		#SSLCARevocationFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crl/ca-bundle.crl
    		#   Client Authentication (Type):
    		#   Client certificate verification type and depth.  Types are
    		#   none, optional, require and optional_no_ca.  Depth is a
    		#   number which specifies how deeply to verify the certificate
    		#   issuer chain before deciding the certificate is not valid.
    		#SSLVerifyClient require
    		#SSLVerifyDepth  10
    		#   SSL Engine Options:
    		#   Set various options for the SSL engine.
    		#   o FakeBasicAuth:
    		#	 Translate the client X.509 into a Basic Authorisation.  This means that
    		#	 the standard Auth/DBMAuth methods can be used for access control.  The
    		#	 user name is the `one line' version of the client's X.509 certificate.
    		#	 Note that no password is obtained from the user. Every entry in the user
    		#	 file needs this password: `xxj31ZMTZzkVA'.
    		#   o ExportCertData:
    		#	 This exports two additional environment variables: SSL_CLIENT_CERT and
    		#	 SSL_SERVER_CERT. These contain the PEM-encoded certificates of the
    		#	 server (always existing) and the client (only existing when client
    		#	 authentication is used). This can be used to import the certificates
    		#	 into CGI scripts.
    		#   o StdEnvVars:
    		#	 This exports the standard SSL/TLS related `SSL_*' environment variables.
    		#	 Per default this exportation is switched off for performance reasons,
    		#	 because the extraction step is an expensive operation and is usually
    		#	 useless for serving static content. So one usually enables the
    		#	 exportation for CGI and SSI requests only.
    		#   o OptRenegotiate:
    		#	 This enables optimized SSL connection renegotiation handling when SSL
    		#	 directives are used in per-directory context.
    		#SSLOptions +FakeBasicAuth +ExportCertData +StrictRequire
    		<FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$">
    				SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
    		</FilesMatch>
    		<Directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin>
    				SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
    		</Directory>
    		#   SSL Protocol Adjustments:
    		#   The safe and default but still SSL/TLS standard compliant shutdown
    		#   approach is that mod_ssl sends the close notify alert but doesn't wait for
    		#   the close notify alert from client. When you need a different shutdown
    		#   approach you can use one of the following variables:
    		#   o ssl-unclean-shutdown:
    		#	 This forces an unclean shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. no
    		#	 SSL close notify alert is send or allowed to received.  This violates
    		#	 the SSL/TLS standard but is needed for some brain-dead browsers. Use
    		#	 this when you receive I/O errors because of the standard approach where
    		#	 mod_ssl sends the close notify alert.
    		#   o ssl-accurate-shutdown:
    		#	 This forces an accurate shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. a
    		#	 SSL close notify alert is send and mod_ssl waits for the close notify
    		#	 alert of the client. This is 100% SSL/TLS standard compliant, but in
    		#	 practice often causes hanging connections with brain-dead browsers. Use
    		#	 this only for browsers where you know that their SSL implementation
    		#	 works correctly.
    		#   Notice: Most problems of broken clients are also related to the HTTP
    		#   keep-alive facility, so you usually additionally want to disable
    		#   keep-alive for those clients, too. Use variable "nokeepalive" for this.
    		#   Similarly, one has to force some clients to use HTTP/1.0 to workaround
    		#   their broken HTTP/1.1 implementation. Use variables "downgrade-1.0" and
    		#   "force-response-1.0" for this.
    		# BrowserMatch "MSIE [2-6]" \
    		#		nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \
    		#		downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0
    	</VirtualHost>
    </IfModule>
    # vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet

    ​

  • 建立site-available 到sites-enabled的映射

    sudo ln -s /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl.conf /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/default-ssl.conf

  • 重启apache

    sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

  • 最后用https 访问

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